Published Online:https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2018.0090

This paper examines the role that the two lead authors’ personal connections played in the research methodology and data collection for the Partition Stories project—a mixed-methods approach to revisiting the much-studied historical trauma of the Partition of British India in 1947. The Project collected survivors’ oral histories, a data type that is a mainstay of qualitative research, and subjected their narrative data to statistical analysis to detect aggregated trends. In this paper, the authors discuss the process of straddling the dichotomies of insider–outsider and qualitative–quantitative, and address the “myth of informed objectivity,” and the need for hybrid research structures with the intent to innovate in humanities projects such as this. In presenting key learnings from the project, this paper highlights the tensions that the authors faced between positivist and interpretivist methods of inquiry, between “insider” and “outsider” categories of positionality, and in the quantification of qualitative oral history data. The paper concludes with an illustrative example from one of the lead authors’ past research experiences to suggest that the tensions of this project are general in occurrence and global in applicability, beyond the specifics of the Partition case study explored here.

REFERENCES

  • Adler, P. A. , & Adler, P. 1987. Membership roles in field research . Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
  • Appleby, J. , Hunt, L. , & Jacob, M. 1994. Telling the truth about history . New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company. Google Scholar
  • Bartunek, J. M. , & Louis, M. R. 1996. Insider/outsider team research . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
  • Bharadwaj, P. , Khwaja, A. I. , & Mian, A. R. 2008. The big march: Migratory flows after the Partition of India. SSRN Electronic Journal , 1–20. Published online. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.1124093 Google Scholar
  • Bhasin, K. , & Menon, R. 1998. Borders and boundaries: Women in India’s Partition . New Delhi, India: Kali for Women. Google Scholar
  • Boudreau, K. J. , & Lakhani, K. R. 2013. Using the crowd as an innovation partner. Harvard Business Review , 91: 60–69. Google Scholar
  • Boudreau, K. J. , & Lakhani, K. R. 2016. Innovation experiments: Researching technical advance, knowledge production, and the design of supporting institutions. Innovation Policy and the Economy , 16: 135–167. Google Scholar
  • Brannick, T. , & Coghlan, D. 2007. In defense of being “native”: The case for insider academic research. Organizational Research Methods , 10: 59–74. Google Scholar
  • Butalia, U. 2003. The other side of silence: Voices from the Partition of India . Durham, NC: Duke University Press. Google Scholar
  • Cannadine, D. (Ed.). 2002. What is history now? Basingstoke, U.K.: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar
  • Chester, L. 2009. Borders and conflict in South Asia: The Radcliffe boundary commission and the Partition of Punjab . Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press. Google Scholar
  • Chughtai, M. 2015. What produces a history textbook? Cambridge, MA: Harvard Graduate School of Education. Doctoral dissertation. Google Scholar
  • Denscombe, M. 2008. Communities of practice: A research paradigm for the mixed methods approach. Journal of Mixed Methods Research , 2: 270–283. Google Scholar
  • Des Jardins, J. 2003. Women and the historical enterprise in America . Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press. Google Scholar
  • Dwyer, S. C. , & Buckle, J. L. 2009. The space between: On being an insider–outsider in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods , 8: 54–63. Google Scholar
  • Evered, R. , & Louis, M. R. 1981. Alternative perspectives in the organizational sciences: “Inquiry from the inside” and “inquiry from the outside.” Academy of Management Review , 6: 385–393.LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Ferro, M. 2003. The use and abuse of history, or, how the past is taught after the Great Fire . London, U.K.: Routledge. Google Scholar
  • French, B. M. 2012. The semiotics of collective memories. Annual Review of Anthropology , 41: 337–353. Google Scholar
  • Gaskell, G. , & Bauer, M. W. 2011. Towards public accountability: Beyond sampling, reliability and validity. In G. Gaskell M. W. Bauer (Eds.), Qualitative researching with text, image and sound . London, U.K.: Sage. Google Scholar
  • Götz, N. , & Holmén, J. 2018. Introduction to the theme issue: “Mental maps: Geographical and historical perspectives.” Journal of Cultural Geography , 35: 157–161. Google Scholar
  • Guha, R. 1998. Dominance without hegemony: History and power in colonial India . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Google Scholar
  • Herod, A. 1999. Reflections on interviewing foreign elites: Praxis, positionality, validity and the cult of the insider. Geoforum , 30: 313–327. Google Scholar
  • Hill, K. , Seltzer, W. , Leaning, J. , Malik, S. J. , & Russell, S. S. 2008. The demographic impact of Partition in the Punjab in 1947. Population Studies , 62: 155–170. Google Scholar
  • Kabir, A. J. 2002. Subjectivities, memories, loss of pigskin bags, silver spittoons and the partition of India. Interventions , 4: 245–264. Google Scholar
  • Khanna, T. 2014. Contextual Intelligence. Harvard Business Review , 92: 58–68. Google Scholar
  • Khanna, T. , & Palepu, K. G. 1997. Why focused strategies may be wrong for emerging markets. Harvard Business Review , 75: 41–51. Google Scholar
  • Khanna, T. , & Palepu, K. G. 2000. Is group affiliation profitable in emerging markets? An analysis of diversified Indian business groups. Journal of Finance , 55: 867–891. Google Scholar
  • King, A. , & Lakhani, K. R. 2013. Using open innovation to innovate the best ideas. MIT Sloan Management Review , 55: 41–48. Google Scholar
  • Lakhani, K. R. 2016. Managing communities and contests to innovate with crowds. In D. Harhoff K. R. Lakhani (Eds.), Revolutionizing innovation: Users, communities, and open innovation : 109–134. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Google Scholar
  • Locke, K. 2011. Field research practice in management and organization studies: Reclaiming its tradition of discovery. Academy of Management Annals , 5: 613–652.LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Malhotra, A. 2017. Remnants of a separation: A history of the Partition through material memory . New Delhi, India: Harper Collins. Google Scholar
  • Maxwell, J. A. 2016. Expanding the history and range of mixed methods research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research , 10: 12–27. Google Scholar
  • Merriam, S. B., Johnson-Bailey, J., Lee, M.-Y., Kee, Y., Ntseane G., & Muhamad, M. 2001. Power and positionality: negotiating insider/outsider status within and across cultures, International Journal of Lifelong Education , 20: 405–416. Google Scholar
  • Moore, J. 2012. A personal insight into researcher positionality. Nurse Researcher , 19: 11–14. Google Scholar
  • Morey, N. C. , & Luthans, F. 1984. An emic perspective and ethnoscience methods for organizational research. Academy of Management Review , 9: 27–36.LinkGoogle Scholar
  • Nowicka, M. , & Ryan, L. 2015. Beyond insiders and outsiders in migration research: Rejecting a priori commonalities. Introduction to the FQS thematic section on “Researcher, migrant, woman: Methodological implications of multiple positionalities in migration studies”. Forum Qualitative Social Research , 16: Art. 18. Google Scholar
  • Riffe, D. , Lacy, S. , & Fico, F. 2014. Analyzing media messages: Using quantitative content analysis in research . New York, NY: Routledge. Google Scholar
  • Rose, G. 1997. Situating knowledges: Positionality, reflexivities and other tactics. Progress in Human Geography , 21: 305–320. Google Scholar
  • Sacks, O. 2017. The river of consciousness . New York, NY: Knopf. Google Scholar
  • Sale, J. E., Lohfeld, L. H., & Brazil, K. 2002. Revisiting the quantitative-qualitative debate: Implications for mixed-methods research. Quality & Quantity , 36: 43–53. Google Scholar
  • Stone, D. 2017. Excommunicating the past? Narrativism and rational constructivism in the historiography of the Holocaust. Rethinking History , 21: 549–566. Google Scholar
  • Trouillot, M. 2003. Global Transformations . New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US. Google Scholar
  • Virdee, P. 2013. Remembering Partition: Women, oral histories and the Partition of 1947. Oral History , 41: 49–62. Google Scholar
  • Wolf, E. R. 2010. Europe and the people without history . Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Google Scholar
  • Xinping, Z. 2002. Interpretivist research, positivist research, and field research. Chinese Education & Society , 35: 39–46. Google Scholar
  • Zamindar, V. F.-Y. 2007. The long Partition and the making of modern South Asia: Refugees, boundaries, histories . New York, NY: Columbia University Press. Google Scholar
Academy of Management
  Academy of Management
  100 Summit Lake Drive, Suite 110
  Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
  Phone: +1 (914) 326-1800
  Fax: +1 (914) 326-1900