From Common to Uncommon Knowledge: Foundations of Firm-Specific Use of Knowledge as a Resource

REFERENCES

• Adner R. , Helfat C. E. 2003. Corporate effects and dynamic managerial capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 24: 1011–1025. Google Scholar
• Aguilar F. J. 1967. Scanning the business environment. New York: Macmillan. Google Scholar
• Alvesson M. 2004. Knowledge work and knowledge-intensive firms. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar
• Amabile T. 1996. Creativity in context. Boulder, CO: Westview. Google Scholar
• Anand N. , Gardner H. K. , Morris T. 2007. Knowledge-based innovation: Emergence and embedding of new practice areas in management consulting firms. Academy of Management Journal, 50: 406–428.Link , Google Scholar
• Argote L. 1999. Organizational learning: Creating, retaining, and transferring knowledge. Boston: Kluwer Academic. Google Scholar
• Argyris C. , Schön D. 1978. Organizational learning. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Google Scholar
• Augier M. , Teece D. J. 2009. Dynamic capabilities and the role of managers in business strategy and economic performance. Organization Science, 20: 410–421. Google Scholar
• Axelrod R. M. 1976. Structure of decision: The cognitive maps of political elites. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Google Scholar
• Barney J. B. 1986. Strategic factor markets: Expectations, luck, and business strategy. Management Science, 42: 1231–1241. Google Scholar
• Barney J. B. 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17: 99–120. Google Scholar
• Barr P. S. 1998. Adapting to unfamiliar environmental events: A look at the evolution of interpretation and its role in strategic change. Organization Science, 9: 644–669. Google Scholar
• Barr P. S. , Stimpert J. L. , Huff A. S. 1992. Cognitive change, strategic action, and organizational renewal. Strategic Management Journal, 13: 15–36. Google Scholar
• Boyd B. K. , Fulk J. 1996. Executive scanning and perceived uncertainty: A multidimensional model. Journal of Management, 22: 1–21. Google Scholar
• Boynton A. C. , Gales L. M. , Blackburn R. S. 1993. Managerial search activity: The impact of perceived role uncertainty and role threat. Journal of Management, 19: 725–747. Google Scholar
• Brown J. S. , Duguid P. 2001. Knowledge and organization: A social-practice perspective. Organization Science, 12: 198–213. Google Scholar
• Calori R. , Johnson G. , Sarnin P. 1994. CEOs' cognitive maps and the scope of the organization. Strategic Management Journal, 15: 437–457. Google Scholar
• Cangelosi V. E. , Dill W. R. 1965. Organizational learning: Observations toward a theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 10: 128–152. Google Scholar
• Carlile P. R. 2002. A pragmatic view of knowledge and boundaries: Boundary objects in new product development. Organization Science, 13: 442–455. Google Scholar
• Cohen W. M. , Levinthal D. 1990. Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 128–152. Google Scholar
• Conner K. R. , Prahalad C. K. 1996. A resource-based theory of the firm: Knowledge versus opportunism. Organization Science, 7: 477–501. Google Scholar
• Cook S. D. N. , Brown J. S. 1999. Bridging epistemologies: The generative dance between organizational knowledge and organizational knowing. Organization Science, 10: 381–400. Google Scholar
• Corley K. G. , Gioia D. A. 2011. Building theory about theory building: What constitutes a theoretical contribution? Academy of Management Review, 36: 12–32.Link , Google Scholar
• Crossan M. M. , Lane H. W. , White R. E. 1999. An organizational learning framework: From intuition to institution. Academy of Management Review, 24: 522–537.Link , Google Scholar
• Culnan M. J. 1983. Environmental scanning: The effects of task complexity and source accessibility on information gathering behavior. Decision Sciences, 14: 194–206. Google Scholar
• Daft R. L. , Weick K. E. 1984. Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems. Academy of Management Review, 9: 284–295.Link , Google Scholar
• Daft R. L. 1985. Why I recommended that your manuscript be rejected and what you can do about it. In Cummings L. L.Frost P. J. (Eds.), Publishing in the organizational sciences: 193–209. Homewood, IL: Irwin. Google Scholar
• Daft R. L. , Sormunen J. , Parks D. 1988. Chief executive scanning, environmental characteristics, and company performance: An empirical study. Strategic Management Journal, 9: 123–139. Google Scholar
• Danneels E. 2008. Organizational antecedents of second-order competencies. Strategic Management Journal, 49: 519–543. Google Scholar
• Darr E. D. , Argote L. , Epple D. 1995. The acquisition, transfer, and depreciation of knowledge in service organizations: Productivity in franchises. Management Science, 41: 1750–1762. Google Scholar
• Dewey J. 1922. Human nature and conduct: An introduction to social psychology. New York: Holt. Google Scholar
• Dierickx I. , Cool K. 1989. Asset stock accumulation and sustainability of competitive advantage. Management Science, 35: 1504–1513. Google Scholar
• Dollinger M. J. 1984. Environmental boundary spanning and information processing effects on organizational performance. Academy of Management Journal, 27: 351–368.Abstract , Google Scholar
• Donaldson G. , Lorsch J. 1983. Decision making at the top: The shaping of strategic direction. New York: Basic Books. Google Scholar
• Dougherty D. 1992. A practice-centered model of organizational renewal through product innovation. Strategic Management Journal, 13: 77–92. Google Scholar
• Dougherty D. 2004. Organizing practices in services: Capturing practice-based knowledge for innovation. Strategic Organization, 2: 35–64. Google Scholar
• Drazin R. , Glynn M. A. , Kazanjian R. K. 1999. Multilevel theorizing about creativity in organizations: A sensemaking perspective. Academy of Management Review, 24: 286–307.Link , Google Scholar
• Drucker P. F. 1993. Managing in turbulent times. New York: HarperBusiness. Google Scholar
• Dubin R. 1978. Theory building (rev. ed.). New York: Free Press. Google Scholar
• Dutton J. E. , Jackson S. E. 1987. Categorizing strategic issues: Links to organizational action. Academy of Management Review, 12: 76–90.Link , Google Scholar
• Eisenhardt K. M. , Santos F. M. 2002. Knowledge-based view: A new theory of strategy? In Pettigrew A.Thomas H.Whittington R.et al.. (Eds.), Handbook of strategy and management: 139–164. London: Sage. Google Scholar
• Emirbayer M. , Mische A. 1998. What is agency? American Journal of Sociology, 103: 962–1023. Google Scholar
• Felin T. , Hesterly W. S. 2007. The knowledge-based view, heterogeneity, and new value creation: Philosophical considerations on the locus of knowledge. Academy of Management Review, 32: 195–218.Link , Google Scholar
• Fiol C. M. , Lyles M. A. 1985. Organizational learning. Academy of Management Review, 10: 803–813.Link , Google Scholar
• Ganz M. 2000. Resources and resourcefulness: Strategic capacity in the unionization of California agriculture, 1959–1966. American Journal of Sociology, 105: 1003–1062. Google Scholar
• Garg V. K. , Walters B. A. , Priem R. L. 2003. Chief executive scanning emphases, environmental dynamism, and manufacturing firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 24: 725–744. Google Scholar
• Gavetti G. 2005. Cognition and hierarchy: Rethinking the microfoundations of capabilities' development. Organization Science, 16: 599–617. Google Scholar
• Ghoshal S. 1988. Environmental scanning in Korean firms: Organizational isomorphism in action. Journal of International Business Studies, 19: 69–86. Google Scholar
• Gioia D. A. 1986. Symbols, scripts, and sensemaking: Creating meaning in the organizational experience. In Sims H. P.Gioia D. A. (Eds.), The thinking organization: 49–74. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar
• Gioia D. A. , Chittipeddi K. 1991. Sensemaking and sensegiving in strategic change initiation. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 433–448. Google Scholar
• Glaser B. , Strauss A. 1967. Discovering grounded theory. Chicago: Aldine. Google Scholar
• Glynn M. A. 2000. When cymbals become symbols: Conflict over organizational identity within a symphony orchestra. Organization Science, 11: 285–298. Google Scholar
• Grant R. M. 1996. Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17: 109–122. Google Scholar
• Gupta A. K. , Govindarajan V. 2000. Knowledge flows within multinational corporations. Strategic Management Journal, 21: 473–496. Google Scholar
• Gupta A. K. , Smith K. G. , Shalley C. E. 2006. The interplay between exploration and exploitation. Academy of Management Journal, 49: 693–706.Link , Google Scholar
• Hambrick D. C. 1982. Environmental scanning and organizational strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 3: 159–174. Google Scholar
• Hambrick D. C. , Mason P. A. 1984. Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. Academy of Management Review, 9: 193–206.Link , Google Scholar
• Hargadon A. , Fanelli A. 2002. Action and possibility: Reconciling dual perspectives of knowledge in organizations. Organization Science, 13: 290–302. Google Scholar
• Huber G. P. 1991. Organizational learning: The contributing processes and the literatures. Organization Science, 2: 88–115. Google Scholar
• Itami H. , Roehl T. 1987. Mobilizing invisible assets. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Google Scholar
• Jansen J. J. P. , Van Den Bosch F. A. J. , Volberda H. W. 2005. Managing potential and realized absorptive capacity: How do organizational antecedents matter? Academy of Management Journal, 48: 999–1015.Link , Google Scholar
• Kanungo R. N. , Misra S. 1992. Managerial resourcefulness: A reconceptualization of management skills. Human Relations, 45: 1311–1332. Google Scholar
• Kaplan S. 2008. Cognition, capabilities, and incentives: Assessing firm response to the fiber-optic revolution. Academy of Management Journal, 51: 672–695.Link , Google Scholar
• Kim D. H. 1993. The link between individual and organizational learning. Sloan Management Review. 35 (fall): 37–50. Google Scholar
• Kogut B. , Zander U. 1992. Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology. Organization Science, 3: 383–397. Google Scholar
• Kogut B. , Zander U. 1996. What firms do? Coordination, identity, and learning. Organization Science, 7: 502–518. Google Scholar
• Lane P. J. , Koka B. R. , Pathak S. 2006. The reification of absorptive capacity: A critical review and rejuvenation of the construct. Academy of Management Review, 31: 833–863.Link , Google Scholar
• Lee T. W. 1999. Using qualitative methods in organizational research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
• Lichtenthaler U. 2009. Absorptive capacity, environmental turbulence, and the complementarity of organizational learning processes. Academy of Management Journal, 52: 822–846.Abstract , Google Scholar
• Lincoln Y. S. , Guba E. G. 1985. Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
• Madjar N. , Greenberg E. , Chen Z. 2011. Factors for radical creativity, incremental creativity, and routine, noncreative performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96: 730–743. Google Scholar
• March J. G. 1991. Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2: 71–87. Google Scholar
• May R. C. , Stewart J. W. H. , Sweo R. 2000. Environmental scanning behavior in a transitional economy: Evidence from Russia. Academy of Management Journal, 43: 403–427.Link , Google Scholar
• McEvily B. , Zaheer A. 1999. Bridging ties: A source of firm heterogeneity in competitive capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 1133–1156. Google Scholar
• Miles M. B. , Huberman A. B. 1984. Qualitative data analysis: A source book of new methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
• Miner A. S. , Bassoff P. , Moorman C. 2001. Organizational improvisation and learning: A Field study. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46: 304–337. Google Scholar
• Mom T. J. M. , Van Den Bosch F. A. J. , Volberda H. W. 2007. Investigating managers' exploration and exploitation activities: The influence of top-down, bottom-up, and horizontal knowledge inflows. Journal of Management Studies, 44: 910–931. Google Scholar
• Mumford M. D. , Gustafson S. B. 1988. Creativity syndrome: Integration, application, and innovation. Psychological Bulletin, 103: 27–43. Google Scholar
• Nadkarni S. , Barr P. S. 2008. Environmental context, managerial cognition, and strategic action: An integrated view. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 1395–1427. Google Scholar
• Nag R. , Corley K. G. , Gioia D. A. 2007. The intersection of organizational identity, knowledge, and practice: Attempting strategic change via knowledge grafting. Academy of Management Journal, 50: 821–847.Link , Google Scholar
• Nelson R. R. , Winter S. G. 1982. An evolutionary theory of economic change. Cambridge, MA: Belknap. Google Scholar
• Nickerson J. A. , Silverman B. S. , Zenger T. R. 2007. The “problem” of creating and capturing value. Strategic Organization, 5: 211–225. Google Scholar
• Orlikowski W. J. 2002. Knowing in practice: Enacting a collective capability in distributed organizing. Organization Science, 13: 249–273. Google Scholar
• Patton M. Q. 1980. Qualitative evaluation methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
• Penrose E. 1959. The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar
• Pentland B. T. 1992. Organizing moves in software support hot lines. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37: 527–548. Google Scholar
• Porac J. , Thomas H. , Baden-Fuller C. 1989. Competitive groups as cognitive communities: The case of Scottish knitwear manufacturers. Journal of Management Studies, 26: 397–416. Google Scholar
• Porter M. E. 1980. Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. New York: McGraw-Hill. Google Scholar
• Prahalad C. K. , Hamel G. 1990. The core competence of the corporation. Harvard Business Review, 68(3): 79–91. Google Scholar
• Priem R. L. 1994. Executive judgment, organizational congruence, and firm performance. Organization Science, 5: 421–437. Google Scholar
• Priem R. L. , Butler J. E. 2001. Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? Academy of Management Review, 26: 22–40.Link , Google Scholar
• Ranson S. , Hinings B. , Greenwood R. 1980. The structuring of organizational structures. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25: 1–17. Google Scholar
• Reus T. H. , Ranft A. L. , Lamont B. T. , Adams G. L. 2009. An interpretive systems view of knowledge investments. Academy of Management Review, 34: 382–400.Abstract , Google Scholar
• Rerup C. 2009. Attentional triangulation: Learning from unexpected rare crises. Organization Science, 20: 876–893. Google Scholar
• Ryle G. 1949. The concept of mind. London: Hutchinson. Google Scholar
• Salvato C. , Rerup C. 2011. Beyond collective entities: Multi-level research on organizational routines and capabilities. Journal of Management, 37: 468–490. Google Scholar
• Sandelands L. E. , Stablein R. E. 1987. The concept of organization mind. In DiTomaso N.Bachrach S. (Eds.), Research in the sociology of organizations, vol. 6: 135–161. Greenwich, CT: JAI. Google Scholar
• Sawyer O. O. 1993. Environmental uncertainty and environmental scanning activities of Nigerian manufacturing executives: A comparative analysis. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 287–299. Google Scholar
• Schulz M. 2001. The uncertain relevance of newness: Organizational learning and knowledge flows. Academy of Management Journal, 44: 661–681.Link , Google Scholar
• Simon H. A. 1991. Bounded rationality and organizational learning. Organization Science, 2: 125–134. Google Scholar
• Simonin B. L. 1999. Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances. Strategic Management Journal, 20: 595–623. Google Scholar
• Smith K. G. , Collins C. J. , Clark K. D. 2005. Existing knowledge, knowledge creation capability, and the rate of new product introduction in high-technology firms. Academy of Management Journal, 48: 346–357.Link , Google Scholar
• Starbuck W. H. , Milliken F. 1988. Executive perceptual filters: What they notice and how they make sense. In Hambrick D. C. (Ed.), The executive effect: Concepts and methods for studying top managers: 35–65. Greenwich, CT: JAI. Google Scholar
• Strauss A. , Corbin J. 1990. Basics of qualitative research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Google Scholar
• Sutcliffe K. M. 1994. What executives notice: Accurate perceptions in top management teams. Academy of Management Journal, 37: 1360–1378.Link , Google Scholar
• Szulanski G. 1996. Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17: 27–43. Google Scholar
• Teece D. J. , Pisano G. , Shuen A. 1997. Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18: 509–533. Google Scholar
• Thomas J. B. , Clark S. M. , Gioia D. A. 1993. Strategic sensemaking and organizational performance: Linkages among scanning, interpretation, action, and outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 36: 239–270.Link , Google Scholar
• Tripsas M. , Gavetti G. 2000. Capabilities, cognition, and inertia: Evidence from digital imaging. Strategic Management Journal, 21: 1147–1162. Google Scholar
• Tsoukas H. 2009. A dialogical approach to the creation of new knowledge in organizations. Organization Science, 20: 941–957. Google Scholar
• Van Maanen J. 1988. Tales of the field: On writing ethnography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Google Scholar
• Walsh J. P. , Ungson G. R. 1991. Organizational memory. Academy of Management Review, 16: 57–91.Link , Google Scholar
• Walsh J. P. 1995. Managerial and organizational cognition: Notes from a trip down memory lane. Organization Science, 6: 280–321. Google Scholar
• Weick K. E. 1979. The social psychology of organizing (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Google Scholar
• Weick K. E. , Roberts K. 1993. Collective mind in organizations: Heedful interrelating on flight decks. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38: 357–381. Google Scholar
• Weick K. E. 1998. Improvisation as a mindset for organizational analysis. Organization Science, 9: 543–555. Google Scholar
• Weick K. E. , Sutcliffe K. M. 2006. Mindfulness and the quality of organizational attention. Organization Science, 17: 514–524. Google Scholar
• Yayavaram S. , Ahuja G. 2008. Decomposability in knowledge structures and its impact on the usefulness of inventions and knowledge-base malleability. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53: 333–362. Google Scholar
• Zahra S. A. , George G. 2002. Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, 27: 185–203.Link , Google Scholar
• Zellmer-Bruhn M. E. 2003. Interruptive events and team knowledge acquisition. Management Science, 49: 514–528. Google Scholar
• Zhang Y. , Li H. , Li Y. , Zhou L.-A. 2010. FDI spillovers in an emerging market: The role of foreign firms' country origin diversity and domestic firms' absorptive capacity. Strategic Management Journal, 31: 969–989. Google Scholar